Parham Parvari, a national champion and coach in swimming, after completing his Mechanical Engineering degree from Orumiyeh University of Technology, was employed at a company in Tehran.

Parvari was arrested on 3 October 2022, during the anti-government uprising of Women, Life, Freedom, in one of the streets of Tehran and transferred to Ward 209 of the Ministry of Intelligence in Evin Prison.

During his arrest, he was severely beaten by security forces, leaving visible injuries and bruises on his body for several months.

He was also held in Ward 209 without access to a lawyer, subjected to pressure and torture for forced confessions.

In November 2022, Parvari, along with several other detainees of the “Woman, Life, Freedom” uprising, was charged with “enmity against God” (moharebeh) by the Security Prosecutor’s Office located in Evin Prison.

His court session took place on 28 May 2023, in Branch 28 of the Islamic Revolutionary Court of Tehran, presided over by Judge Mohammadreza Amouzad, on charges of “enmity against God” (moharebeh), “acting against national security”. His lawyer, Mazyar Tataei, was also present during the trial.

On 20 June 2023, he was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment with exile and an additional five years of imprisonment in Evin Prison. According to the Law on Consolidation of Sentences, the severest punishment, which is 10 years imprisonment with exile, is enforceable.

On 13 January 2024, he was secretly transferred to Iranshahr Prison in Sistan and Baluchestan Province without notifying his family and lawyer.

– On 4 January 2023, Parvari was transferred from Ward 209 of Evin Prison to the Greater Tehran Central Penitentiary (Fashafouyeh Prison).

– On 9 April 2023, Parvari, along with a group of political prisoners, was transferred from the Greater Tehran Central Penitentiary to Evin Prison.

1. Women, Life, Freedom Uprising: Jina Amini (Mahsa Amini), a 21-year-old Kurdish woman from Saqqez, Kurdistan Province, was arrested on a street in Tehran on 13 September 2022 by the morality police because of the way she was dressed. Shortly after her arrest, she was transferred to Kasra Hospital in Tehran with head injuries and symptoms of brain death, and passed away three days later on 16 September 2022. The government’s killing of Jina sparked unprecedented anti-government protests, which began with a large turnout at her funeral at Aichi Cemetery in Saqqez and quickly spread to many cities across Iran. These widespread protests against the Islamic Republic of Iran, which lasted for several months, resulted in at least 527 protesters being killed and thousands injured and arrested. The protests are known for their central slogan of “Women, Life, Freedom” (Kurdish: Jin, Jiyan, Azadi).

2. Article 279 of the Islamic Penal Code: “Moharebeh (enmity against God) is defined as drawing a weapon with the intention of killing, stealing from, or intimidating people in a way that causes insecurity in the environment.” According to Article 282 of the Islamic Penal Code, “if a person commits the crime of moharebeh, they will be sentenced to crucifixion, execution, amputation of the right hand and left foot, or exile, at the discretion of the judge.”

3. Article 134 of the Islamic Penal Code: “In the case of multiple crimes, only the most severe punishment mentioned in the verdict is enforceable, and the other punishments are not considered unless the most severe punishment is reduced or converted for a legal reason, such as the private plaintiff’s withdrawal of his complaint, the annulment of the legal punishment, or the passage of time, in which case the next most severe punishment will be implemented.”