In its monthly reports, the Kurdistan Human Rights Network (KHRN) highlights cases of human rights violations in Kurdistan and violations of the rights of Kurdish civilians in different regions and cities across Iran.
This report includes all cases recorded and reported by KHRN from across Iran through its own sources and verification mechanisms from 1 December 2023 to 31 December 2023.
The restrictive environment for independent human rights organisations in Iran, coupled with the pressures faced by individuals subjected to human rights violations and their families, make it difficult to publish accurate and comprehensive reports.
It is therefore important to note that the statistics and information presented in this report do not cover all cases of human rights violations. This report is the result of examining news and reports published by the KHRN and fact-checking of reports published by other human rights organisations and news websites.
Executions
According to KHRN’s findings, Iran executed at least 25 prisoners in Karaj, Sanandaj, Saqqez, Orumiyeh, Kermanshah, Khorramabad, Birjan, Hamadan, and Bandar Abbas during the month of December.
Of these, six prisoners were executed on charges of “premeditated murder”, 14 for “drug trafficking”, four on charges of “participation in intelligence cooperation and espionage for Israel” and one for rape.
*Explanation: The KHRN, recognizing the fundamental right to life, publishes and records news and execution statistics without regard to the ethnic background of individuals and the location of the execution. All cases reported to the organisation by credible sources are published after thorough fact-checking.
Killing of civilians
On 24 December, Sanandaj police shot dead a 37-year-old civilian, identified as Kaveh Goyli, at close range.
Femicide
At least three women were killed by their male family members in the village of Kuraneh in Orumiyeh, Kangavar and Kermanshah in the past month.
Kolbars and tradesmen
In December, at least three kolbars were fatally shot by Iranian border guards in the western border areas of the country.
A total of 41 kolbars were injured during this period. Of these, 38 were shot by border guards, one was injured after being hit by stones thrown at him by border guards, one fell from border heights, and one was injured in a landmine explosion.
One of the injured kolbars was a 17-year-old child from Dehgolan, Parham Mohammadi, who was shot by border guards in Baneh.
Work-related accidents
At least three workers died in work-related accidents in Marivan, Kermanshah and the village of Barazan in Orumiyeh.
Detentions and arrests
Throughout December, Iranian forces arrested at least 28 civilians, including a Kurdish language teacher, a writer and three imams.
At least 17 of the detained civilians were sent to prisons in Baneh, Naqadeh, Mahabad, Orumiyeh, Bukan, Tonekabon, Sanandaj, and Oshnavieh to serve prison sentences.
Sentences
In the past month, Iranian courts have sentenced at least 36 people to punishments ranging from cash fines to imprisonment and the death penalty.
Executions
| Name | From | Charged with | Execution date | Execution location | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mojtaba Amiri | Harsin | Drugs | 5 Dec | Ghezel Hesar, Karaj | |
| 2 | Manouchehr Barzegar | Harsin | Drugs | 5 Dec | Ghezel Hesar, Karaj | |
| 3 | Sirous Heidari | Sanandaj | Premeditated murder | 6 Dec | Sanandaj | Paraded through the streets of Sanandaj on the orders of the city’s prosecutor, in violation of the principle of human dignity |
| 4 | Khaled Rouhi | Sanandaj | Premeditated murder | 6 Dec | Sanandaj | |
| 5 | Kamal Elhami | Saqqez | Rape | 6 Dec | Saqqez | |
| 6 | Sowlat Tawsan | Orumiyeh | Drugs | 8 Dec | Orumiyeh | |
| 7 | Janali Nadimi | Orumiyeh | Drugs | 8 Dec | Orumiyeh | |
| 8 | Ali Shahinnezhad | Orumiyeh | Drugs | 8 Dec | Orumiyeh | |
| 9 | Amin Zakeri Kakavand | Harsin | Drugs | 12 Dec | Karaj Central Penitentiary | |
| 10 | Khalil Hajiabadi | Kangavar | Drugs | 12 Dec | Karaj Central Penitentiary | |
| 11 | Hamed Esmaeili | Kuhdasht, Lorestan Province | Drugs | 12 Dec | Karaj Central Penitentiary | |
| 12 | Davoud Khadem | Marivan | Premeditated murder | 13 Dec | Sanandaj | |
| 13 | Obaid Mahmoudi | Quri Qaleh, Ravansar | Premeditated murder | 13 Dec | Kermanshah | Had killed a woman in Ravansar |
| 14 | Farzad Gol-Mohammadi | Kamyaran | Premeditated murder | 20 Dec | Sanandaj | |
| 15 | Khodakaram Lorestani | Borujerd | Drugs | 23 Dec | Khorramabad | |
| 16 | Hossein Mousavand | Borujerd | Drugs | 23 Dec | Khorramabad | |
| 17 | Mohammad Reza Mehraban | Qorveh | Premeditated murder | 26 Dec | Sanandaj | 35 years old, arrested about 4 years ago |
| 18 | Mohammad Hesari | Kermanshah | Drugs | 27 Dec | Birjand | 55 years old, married father of 2 |
| 19 | Ramin Faghiri | Kangavar | Drugs | 27 Dec | Hamadan | 27 years old, executed after 3 years of imprisonment |
| 20 | Karim Amini-Khah | Bukan | Drugs | 28 Dec | Bandar Abbas | 64 years old, executed after 6 years of imprisonment |
| 21 | Vafa Hanareh | Orumiyeh | Participation in intelligence cooperation and espionage for Israel | 29 Dec | Orumiyeh Central Prison | 35 years old, forced to confess after he was severely tortured and threatened with his family members being detained and raped |
| 22 | Aram Omari Berdiani | Orumiyeh | Participation in intelligence cooperation and espionage for Israel | 29 Dec | Orumiyeh Central Prison | 35 years old, forced to confess after he was severely tortured and threatened with his family members being detained and raped |
| 23 | Rahman Parhazou | Orumiyeh | Participation in intelligence cooperation and espionage for Israel | 29 Dec | Orumiyeh Central Prison | 34 years old, forced to confess after he was severely tortured and threatened with his family members being detained and raped |
| 24 | Nasim Namazi | Azerbaijani-Turkic woman from Orumiyeh | Participation in intelligence cooperation and espionage for Israel | 29 Dec | Orumiyeh Central Prison | 54 years old, forced to confess after he was severely tortured and threatened with his family members being detained and raped |
| 25 | Abdol Shavali | Sirvan, Ilam | Drugs | 30 Dec | Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj | 39 years old, executed after 5 years in prison |
Killing of civilians
| Name | From | Location | Date | Organisation | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kaveh Goyli | Sanandaj | Sanandaj | 24 Dec | Sanandaj police department | 37 years old, was shot from close range after a mass riot |
Femicide
| Name | Incident location | Incident date | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Roya Amini | Kuraneh village of Orumiyeh | 8 Dec | 24-year-old mother of a three-year-old daughter and was killed by her father-in-law in a dispute between her husband's family members |
| 2 | Unknown | Kangavar | Mid Dec | Aftab newspaper has mentioned a family dispute as the reason for the murder of this woman by her husband without any details |
| 3 | Kobra Safaei | Kermanshah | 28 Dec | Mother of 7 children from Kermanshah, was shot dead by her son Kourosh Khamoushi, who later committed suicide |
Kolbars and tradesmen
| Name | From | Incident location | Incident date | Dead/injured | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rebwar (surname unknown) | Baneh | Baneh | 2 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 2 | Taleb Yousefi | Paveh | Nowsud | 2 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 3 | Omid Shokri | Paveh | Nowsud | 2 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 4 | Hassan (surname unknown) | Paveh | Nowsud | 2 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 5 | Parviz (surname unknown) | Kermanshah | Baneh | 2 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 6 | Hesam Fatehi | Sanandaj | Baneh | 2 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 7 | Ahwan Dashti | Baneh | Baneh | 4 Dec | Killed | Shot by border forces |
| 8 | Omid Yazdani | Saqqez | Baneh | 4 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 9 | Shakhvan Ahmadi | Saqqez | Baneh | 4 Dec | Injured | 20 years old, shot by border forces |
| 10 | Keyhan Amini | Paveh | Nowsud | 6 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 11 | Adel Mohammadnezhad | Saqqez | Baneh | 7 Dec | Injured | 21 years old, shot by border forces |
| 12 | Omid Ebrahimi | Saqqez | Baneh | 7 Dec | Injured | 20 years old, shot by border forces |
| 13 | Fardin Moradi | Saqqez | Baneh | 8 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 14 | Farhad Soleimani | Javanrud | Nowsud | 8 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 15 | Hamzeh Soleimani | Javanrud | Nowsud | 8 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 16 | Parham Mohammadi | Dehgolan | Baneh | 9 Dec | Injured | 17 years old, shot by border forces |
| 17 | Fardin (surname unknown) | Paveh | Nowsud | 12 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 18 | Mansour Soleimani | Salas-e Babajani | Nowsud | 12 Dec | Injured | Landmine explosion |
| 19 | Farhad Mohammadi | Saqqez | Baneh | 12 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 20 | Keyvan Ahmadi | Saqqez | Baneh | 12 Dec | Injured | 34 years old, shot by border forces |
| 21 | Mahmoud Kamrani | Divandarreh | Baneh | 12 Dec | Injured | 21 years old, shot by border forces |
| 22 | Ali Ghaderi | Marivan | Marivan | 18 Dec | Killed | Shot by border forces |
| 23 | Arman Ahmadi | Paveh | Nowsud | 18 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 24 | Kosar Petyam | Paveh | Nowsud | 18 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 25 | Omid Elhami | Saqqez | Baneh | 18 Dec | Injured | 24 years old, Shot by border forces |
| 26 | Vafa Rasoulnezhad | Saqqez | Baneh | 19 Dec | Injured | 28 years old, Shot by border forces |
| 27 | Mohammad Vakili | Saqqez | Baneh | 20 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 28 | Zanyar Sabour | Bukan | Baneh | 20 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 29 | Borhan Rahmani | Divandarreh | Baneh | 21 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 30 | Ayoub Mohammadzadeh | Saqqez | Baneh | 22 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 31 | Sattar Sheikhi | Saqqez | Baneh | 22 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 32 | Ata Sadeghi | Saqqez | Baneh | 23 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 33 | Keyvan Mohammadzadeh | Sardasht | Baneh | 24 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 34 | Mokhtar She'ri | Javanrud | Nowsud | 24 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 35 | Kaveh Mohammadi | Saqqez | Baneh | 28 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 36 | Yousef Chichouran | Saqqez | Baneh | 28 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 37 | Mehdi Simaei | Saqqez | Baneh | 28 Dec | Injured | 21 years old, Shot by border forces |
| 38 | Yahya Veysi | Unknown | Nowsud | 28 Dec | Injured | Hit by stones thrown by border forces |
| 39 | Arman Mohammadi | Sanandaj | Baneh | 29 Dec | Injured | 34 years old, Shot by border forces |
| 40 | Mehran (surname unknown) | Kamyaran | Baneh | 29 Dec | Injured | 34 years old, Shot by border forces |
| 41 | Ahmad Sadeghi | Saqqez | Baneh | 30 Dec | Killed | 32 years old, father of one child, shot by border forces |
| 42 | Hiwa (surname unknown) | Kamyaran | Baneh | 30 Dec | Injured | Shot by border forces |
| 43 | Mohammad Zibaei | Saqqez | Baneh | 30 Dec | Injured | 24 years old, Shot by border forces |
| 44 | Bahman Ghaderi | Marivan | Marivan | 31 Dec | Injured | Fell from border heights |
Work-related accidents
| Name | Incident location | Incident date | Died/Injured | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Borhan Ranjbar | Marivan | 1 Dec | Died | Fell from a height |
| 2 | Unknown | Kermanshah | 18 Dec | Died | Fell from the fourth floor after the lift wire broke |
| 3 | Younes Alizadeh | Barazan village in Orumiyeh | 30 Dec | Died | Burned |
Detentions and arrests
| Name | Detention location | Detention date | Activity | Location held and latest status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mehdi Nowrouzi | Baneh | 2 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Baneh Prison to serve 6 months in prison |
| 2 | Hassan Amini | Bukan | 2 Dec | Imam of the village of Malalar in Bukan | Unknown |
| 3 | Mohyeddin Mohammadzadeh | Bukan | 2 Dec | Imam of the village of Nobar in Bukan | Unknown |
| 4 | Jotyar Ashrafzadeh | Piranshahr | 6 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Naqadeh Prison to serve 21 months in prison |
| 5 | Sohrab Avizkan | Mahabad | 9 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Mahabad Prison to serve 3 years in prison |
| 6 | Nasser Soltani | Piranshahr | 10 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Naqadeh Prison to serve 9 months and 15 day in prison |
| 7 | Ayoub Gholami | Sanandaj | 10 Dec | Civilian | Summoned and questioned by Ministry of Intelligence in Sanandaj for social media activities |
| 8 | Fereshteh Hosseini | Bukan | 11 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Orumiyeh Prison to serve 8 months in prison |
| 9 | Jalal Amini | Bukan | 12 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Bukan Prison to serve 30 months in prison |
| 10 | Kazem Mam-Esmaeil | Bukan | 12 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Bukan Prison to serve 12 months in prison |
| 11 | Hossein Ahmadi | Bukan | 12 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Bukan Prison to serve 26 months in prison |
| 12 | Younes Mahmoudzadeh | Bukan | 12 Dec | Civilian | |
| 13 | Zana Khoshaman | Piranshahr | 13 Dec | Imam of the village of Younes Lian in Oshnavieh | Taken to Naqadeh Prison to serve 2 years and one month in prison |
| 14 | Mozhgan Kavousi | Kalardasht, Mazandaran | 18 Dec | Writer, researcher | Taken to Tonekabon prison to serve 39 months in prison |
| 15 | Mohammad Jafar Mohammadi | Sanandaj | 25 Dec | Civilian | Beaten while arrested, his two sons, Morteza and Sirvan, were arrested during 2022 anti-government protests |
| 16 | Mehdi Rahimi-Azar | Kani Rash village in Bukan | 25 Dec | Civilian | Released after two days of interrogation by Ministry of Intelligence in Bukan |
| 17 | Salah Rahimi-Azar | Kani Rash village in Bukan | 25 Dec | Civilian | Released after two days of interrogation by Ministry of Intelligence in Bukan |
| 18 | Anvar Ghassempour | Kani Rash village in Bukan | 25 Dec | Civilian | Released after two days of interrogation by Ministry of Intelligence in Bukan |
| 19 | Kamal Khezri | Kani Rash village in Bukan | 25 Dec | Civilian | Released after 7 hours of interrogation |
| 20 | Kamal Nasseri | Kani Rash village in Bukan | 25 Dec | Civilian | Released after 7 hours of interrogation |
| 21 | Rizgar Rahimi-Azar | Kani Rash village in Bukan | 25 Dec | Civilian | Released after two days of interrogation by Ministry of Intelligence in Bukan |
| 22 | Seyvan Ebrahimi | Sanandaj | 30 Dec | Kurdish language teacher | Taken to Sanandaj Prison to serve one year in prison |
| 23 | Yaghoub Mahmoudi-Azar | Oshnavieh | 30 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Oshnavieh Prison to serve 7 years in prison |
| 24 | Yousef Rahmani | Oshnavieh | 30 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Oshnavieh Prison to serve 2 years and 5 months in prison |
| 25 | Bahman Mahmoudi-Azar | Oshnavieh | 30 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Oshnavieh Prison to serve 7 years in prison |
| 26 | Mohsen Azizi | Oshnavieh | 30 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Oshnavieh Prison to serve 2 years in prison |
| 27 | Peyro Tabnak | Oshnavieh | 30 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Oshnavieh Prison to serve 2 years in prison |
| 28 | Khoshnaw Eyni | Oshnavieh | 31 Dec | Civilian | Taken to Oshnavieh Prison to serve 2 years in prison |
Sentences
| Name | Resident of | Charged with | Date sentenced | Issuing court | Sentence | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Seyvan Ebrahimi | Sanandaj | Forming or joining a group or faction with the aim of undermining national security, propaganda against the state | 2 Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Sanandaj | 11 years of imprisonment | |
| 2 | Foad (Sirous) Fathi | From Sanandaj, resident of Tehran | Membership in Komala, action against national security, propaganda against the state | 2 Dec | Branch 26 of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Tehran | 4 years imprisonment, 2-year ban on leaving the country, 2-year ban on membership in political and social groups and organisations, 2-year ban on residing in Tehran and its suburbs | |
| 3 | Yaghoub Mahmoudi-Azar | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 7 years imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 4 | Khoshnaw Eyni | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 2 years imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 5 | Peyro Tabnak | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 2 years imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 6 | Yousef Rahmani | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 2 years and 5 months imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 7 | Khezr Abdollahi | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 1 year imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 8 | Farhang Karamat | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 2 years and 6 months imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 9 | Bahman Mahmoudi-Azar | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 7 years imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 10 | Mohsen Azizi | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 2 years imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 11 | Osman Hamzehzadeh | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Dec | Islamic Revolutionary Court in Bukan | 1 year and 6 months imprisonment | Released on bail |
| 12 | Loghman Pishyar | Bukan | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | 5 Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 3 years imprisonment | |
| 13 | Soleyman Shar-Verani | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Early Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 1 year imprisonment | |
| 14 | Aram Shaban | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Early Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 3 years and 3 months imprisonment | |
| 15 | Abdolkarim Kakol | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Early Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 1 year imprisonment | |
| 16 | Fakhraddin Podat | Oshnavieh | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | Early Dec | Branch One of Islamic Revolutionary Court in Oshnavieh | 1 year and 3 months imprisonment | |
| 17 | Azad Khancheh-Zard | Marivan | Propaganda against the state through cyber space | 7 Dec | Branch 4 of the Court of Appeal of Kurdistan Province | Confirmation of the sentence of 6 months of imprisonment, including the days of previous detention | |
| 18 | Kaveh Karimian | Marivan | Propaganda against the state, collaboration with opposition parties | 9 Dec | Islamic Revolutionary Court in Marivan | 2 years of suspended imprisonment | Environmental activist and member of Chia the Green Association |
| 19 | Asrin Afsar | Marivan | Propaganda against the state, collaboration with opposition parties | 9 Dec | |||
| 20 | Sharif Mahmoudpour | Piranshahr | Action against national security, disturbing public opinion | 14 Dec | Special Clerical Court in Orumiyeh | 2 years imprisonment | |
| 21 | Younes Nowkhah | Piranshahr | Action against national security, disturbing public opinion | 14 Dec | Special Clerical Court in Orumiyeh | 3 years imprisonment | |
| 22 | Seyyed Jamaladdin Vazhi | Piranshahr | Action against national security, disturbing public opinion | 14 Dec | Special Clerical Court in Orumiyeh | 2 years imprisonment | |
| 23 | Soleiman Ahmadi | Piranshahr | Action against national security, disturbing public opinion | 14 Dec | Special Clerical Court in Orumiyeh | 4 years imprisonment | |
| 24 | Hassan Mardani | Bukan | Membership and collaboration with one of the opposition Kurdish parties of Iran's government | 14 Dec | Branch 101 of Bukan Criminal Court Two | 3 years imprisonment | |
| 25 | Ashkan Fahim | Mahabad | Assembly and collusion against national security, propaganda agains the state | 15 Dec | Branch One of the Islamic Revolutionary Court in Mahabad | 45 months in prison, 2 years exile to Arak | |
| 26 | Parham Parvari | Saqqez | Enmity against God (moharebeh), action against national security | Mid Dec | Branch 28 of the Islamic Revolutionary Court in Tehran | 10 years of exile to Jask prison in Hormozgan province and 5 years of imprisonment | |
| 27 | Ebrahim Salimi | Piranshahr | Action against national security, disturbing public opinion | Mid Dec | Special Clerical Court in Orumiyeh | 3 years imprisonment | |
| 28 | Shaho (Ayoub) Barham | Oshnavieh | Disturbance of public order and peace by participating in protests | Mid Dec | Branch One of the Criminal Court One for Juveniles of West Azerbaijan Province | 25 million rials, considering the days of arrest | |
| 29 | Ehsan Mohammadi | Oshnavieh | Disturbance of public order and peace by participating in protests | Mid Dec | Branch One of the Criminal Court One for Juveniles of West Azerbaijan Province | 26 million rials, considering the days of arrest | Tortured during detention |
| 30 | Reza Rasaei | Sahneh | Involvement in intentional murder of Nader Beyrami, the head of the IRGC intelligence service in Sahneh, involvement in the intentional infliction of non-fatal injuries, demonstrating strength with a knife, disrupting public order by creating chaos and commotion | 23 Dec | Branch Two of Criminal Court One of Kermanshah, verdict approved by Branch 17 of the Supreme Court | Death penalty, payment of blood money, one year imprisonment, 74 lashes | Denied legal representation, tortured during detention |
